Francis Fukuyama’s thesis that history ended with the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 has exercised a baleful influence upon Western foreign policy. Fukuyama, of course, argued that Western liberal democracy triumphed over communism and fascism and thus constituted the “final form of human government.” The imposition of a liberal, democratic, norm-based global order … Continue reading History Restarted: The Return of the Machiavellian Moment